190
THE ESSEX NATURALIST
O. agrestis : Glamorgan, Wigtown, Peebles, Selkirk, Roxburgh, Forfar,
Kincardine, Aberdeen, Inverness, Ross.
O. hansenii: Wilts., Herts., M'sex., Bucks., Norfolk, Lincoln, Leics.,
Derby, Staffs., Montgomery, Merioneth, Denbigh, Flint, Kirkcud-
bright, Berwick, Fife, Aberdeen, Inverness, Ross, Sutherland.
P. triangularis : Bucks., Leics., Monmouth, Carmarthen, Ross.
M. diadema : Monmouth, Hereford, Flint, Derby, Westmorland,
Wigtown, Kirkcudbright, Dumfries, Peebles, Selkirk, Roxburgh,
Berwick, Forfar, Kincardine, Aberdeen, Banff, Ross.
P. opilio : Wigtown, Peebles, Selkirk, Roxburgh.
O. parietinus : Hunts., Leics., Derby, Monmouth, Glamorgan, Car-
marthen, Pembs., Brecon, Radnor, Merioneth, Durham, Wigtown,
Kirkcudbright, Dumfries, Selkirk, Roxburgh, Berwick, Haddington,
Forfar.
O. saxatilis : M'sex., Durham, Northumbs., Monmouth, Carmarthen,
Wigtown, Dumfries.
(Since the preparation of this paper Mr. J. L. Cloudsley-
Thompson (1949) brings to my notice two new records from
Buckinghamshire, viz. O. palpinalis and O. meadii.)
COLLECTING AND PRESERVATION
The usual methods known to entomologists are employed, i.e.,
sweeping, beating, by the use of the Berlese funnel, etc. I find
the use of a sieve (about nine holes per square inch) of particular
help in finding Trogulus and Anelasmocephalus and other ground
living species. I bring home sacks of woodland debris, moss,
etc., and sieve it on to a white piece of oilcloth with a 100 watt
electric bulb suspended above. As these species are negatively
phototactic and are stimulated by the additional heat they soon
move towards the edge of the table. If the lowermost layers of
beech leaves together with the scrapings of the top of the earth
from chalky districts are treated thus, both the above-mentioned
species are likely to turn up despite the fact that Trogulus has such
a restricted range and occurs so infrequently.
Harvest-spiders should be kept in 70 per cent colourless in-
dustrial methylated spirit with a trace of glycerine added. They
can be put direct into this fluid.
CONCLUSION
In this paper it has not been possible to mention all the
authors who have contributed to our knowledge of the Opiliones.
That there are still plenty of lines of investigation open to
naturalists will no doubt be gathered from some of the deficiencies
in my paper. Records of food and enemies are still needed.
County records are required especially from the north of Eng-
land, Scotland and above all from Northern Ireland and Eire.
REFERENCES
Blanc, H. 1881. Anatomie et physiologie de l'Appareil sexuel male des
Phalangides. Bull. Soc. mud. sci. nat. 17 : 84, p. 49.